According to Andrej Karpathy, the AI industry is witnessing a significant shift towards developing 'cognitive core' large language models (LLMs) with a few billion parameters that prioritize real-time capability over encyclopedic knowledge. These streamlined models are designed to run natively, always-on, and by default on every personal computer, serving as the kernel of LLM-powered personal computing. Their emerging features include native multimodality, efficient memory usage, and integration with local applications, which open up new business opportunities for edge AI solutions, privacy-focused AI assistants, and custom enterprise deployments (source: Andrej Karpathy, Twitter, June 27, 2025).